Keine Lazarovitch Essay Example

Keine Lazarovitch Essay Irving Layton was written about his mother, Kline, most likely as a eulogy after she died In 1959. The unusual yet astonishing thing about this poem Is during the first four paragraphs the mood is dark, almost evil like, and fierce, as he speaks of growing old and death, For her mouth was not water but a curse, (paragraph 2). We can see that the speaker, her son, is an honest and expressive man. The emotional effects of these four paragraphs makes us question why Irving would bother to write a eulogy for his mother if he only states readers things about her, it also makes the reader believe perhaps his mother was an unhappy miserable woman who only cursed Gods creatures. The final paragraph of the poem leaves the reader with a satisfying sense of peace, where he basically says that although his mother spoke her mind and was firm on her beliefs, and though the things did may have sometimes been a nuisance, she was his mother. The things she did made her the person she was. Her characteristics were the things that made her real. Though eulogies are usually spoken with a soft tone, and speak of all the great things the person did, the reality Is o one is perfect, and the flaws that people have make them who they are. The authors purpose was to show his true love for his mother. He loved her because she was, in fact, so fierce and outspoken, which is why the thought of this poem is so important. We will write a custom essay sample on Keine Lazarovitch specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Keine Lazarovitch specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Keine Lazarovitch specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The imagery is very powerful as we can see the picture of his deceased mothers head on the cold pillow, her white watermarking hair in the cheeks hollows, (paragraph 1). This immediately illustrates his mother in the casket at her funeral. Also, we can see the obvious look of the mother when he talks of her amber dads that she wore upon her breast so radiantly. (paragraph 4). These clear visual characteristics also show Layton observance and attention towards his mother. Although this poem does not include a uniform rhyme scheme, we notice the last word of every line (except the last line of each paragraph) has the same ending. For example, in the first paragraph the first line ends with the word pillow, the second line ends with the word hollows and the third line, the word how. Though these words do not necessarily rhyme, they make connections to each other through sound. Also, there are many literary devices in the poem that help emphasize the imagery and sound. For example, in the first paragraph, the alliteration of white watermarking hair really catches the readers attention and creates a greater visual image. Another example would be In the third paragraph when he says Till popularizing Death leaned down and took them for his mould. This line represents growing old and death as a reason for the loss of her rich, black eyebrows. Yet, death cannot physically lean down and take eyebrows, for that is only a human trait, thus making tons Ellen a Tort AT personalization.

Grapes of Wrath - Analysis 11 essays

Grapes of Wrath - Analysis 11 essays In chapter 11 of the Grapes of Wrath, Steinbeck describes the scene after all the farmers have left. In this, he creates a sense of injustice, injustice to the farmers who have had to leave their land and to the land who is deprived of life and understanding. When the farmers leave their land, the land becomes vacant, but farm workers are soon upon it with tractors. This is injustice to the land. Steinbeck compares these tractors to horses. He states that tractors are alive but when the motor of the tractor stops, it is...dead. Tractors are easy and efficient but nonetheless when the job is done, they are dead. A horse, on the other hand, stops work and goes into the barn but unlike the tractor there is life and vitality left in a horse because it is very alive. Horses have the warmth of life...and the heat and smell of life that fills the barn, but in a tractor the heat goes out...like the living heat that leaves a corpse. The tractor is dead, but the earth is not. It is unfair that such dead things should have to work the land. The earth itself needs life to nourish it and work it, i.e. the horses. Steinbeck explains that even though men continue to work the land, these men have no real connection to their work. These corporate farm workers come to the farmland during the day, drive a tractor over it, and then leave to go home. Such a separation, Steinbeck explains, causes men to lose wonder for their work and for the land. For nitrates are not the land, nor phosphates; and the length of fiber in the cotton is not the land but this is the way the farm workers and corporate men see it. They do not understand what the land truly is. They know only chemistry and analysis. They know only the profit that these two can bring. But the farmer is different. He alone ...

Free sample - Edith stein. translation missing

Edith stein. Edith stein1. What type of experience does Stein argue for the temptations of Jesus of Nazareth? Stein argues that the temptations of Jesus were right from the beginning meant to open the doors of life without end for human being. She continues to argue that, following the temptations that Jesus underwent, Christians can only pay back by being strong not to be tempted just like Jesus. Prayers are the only surest way to resist temptations. Was the experience a historical event, vision, or subjective experience? Her experience on this was like a subjective experience because she even wrote a book on the same. Although she did not finish writing it she concluded it basing it on truth of temptations she had experienced so many times. She strongly believed that, as the disciple of Christ, temptations were a daily thing. What arguments does she use to support her answer? The fact that she had suffered so much in the hands of the then government due to her denomination made her to argue that, temptations usually come but they are not meant to last.   She also argues that, just like Jesus underwent temptations and did not give up, she is also not ready to give up. 2. What are the three temptations faced by Jesus? The first temptation is when Jesus was required to manufacture bread form stones. The second requires him to let himself fall from a cliff and let the angels rescue him. Finally the devil requests him to worship him and by so doing he will give him authority over the world. How do the temptations differ in Mark, Matthew and Luke? To begin with, Luke and Mathew differ on how the second and third temptations are arranged. In the gospel of Mark Jesus’ temptations are not even clear unless one clearly reads with a lot of keenness. The two books which one can easily read the temptations of Jesus and understand are Mathew and Luke. 3. According to Stein how are we to understand the term, â€Å"wilderness†? Wilderness according to Stein can be likened to the hardships that Christians are experiencing while serving Christ. Just like Jesus experienced hardships in the wilderness Christians are no exception as Jesus serves as role model. 4. What is the meaning of each temptation according to Stein? The first temptation serves as a wake up call on Christians to resist the worldly things just like Jesus because they will soon come to an end just like bread. The second temptation according to Stein is that Jesus set a classic example by not testing his father. She calls upon Christians not to do things deliberately looking forward to Christ to save them. That to her, is a sin. In the third temptation, although she is not specific, she says that many people have been driven by promises from friends and people close to them and have abandoned the word of god and have followed them. Just like Christ, she calls upon those people to remember eternal life cannot be compared to any worldly thing. 5. How does Stein understand Jesus’ concept of the â€Å"Kingdom of God†? She categorically said this about Jesus’ concept of the kingdom of God, that the kingdom is God in us and us in Him. The kingdom is God manifesting himself in Christians and Christians in return manifest themselves in Christ. 6. What is the significance of calling God, â€Å"Abba†? The significance of Abba in her life was that even when she is experiencing embarrassment, suffering and loneliness of the cross, she experiences Christ love and being there for her which gave her a back up when he really needed it. Abba is the one that protects her therefore having a sense of security. She continues to say that, in the arms of Abba, she feels like a child being protected by strong hands of the father. This sense of security has enabled her to commit herself fully to the work of Christ. Works cited: E. Stein: St. Teresa Benedicta of the Cross. Rome 1998

Can technology benefit education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Can technology benefit education - Essay Example ng system in colleges and universities plays an important role in the availing information for coursework to students registered with the institutions. The tutors upload the necessary information on the developed program and the students access it with the help of an individual username and a password (Selwyn, 77). The use of technology in this manner is convenient to both the learner and the tutor because both parties are relieved from hard copies as sources of information. The use of hard copy is bulky in terms of carrying and expensive to purchase. Printing out of information on soft copy is cost effective compared to purchasing a published book. For these reasons, the availability of coursework in the form of soft copy through an E-learning system is beneficial in educating the students because it is conveniently accessible and inexpensive. Implementation of digitized library systems in secondary and tertiary levels of education simplifies book searching, borrowing and returning. Instances where additional research or extensive reading on a discipline is a recommendation, visiting the library is inevitable. The automated access to published books by the tutee aids in proper management of time. The utilization of technology in this way wards off wastage of time by availing books with ease putting the learner at an advantage. In this case, technological education in light of time is effective. The use of E-mails to communicate and face-face platforms such as Skype to name a few allow real-time interaction between the student and educator. For this reason, distance learning is popular. In both secondary and tertiary levels of education, individuals are able to learn with convenience by interacting with the tutor through a webcam or messenger irrespective of their location. Assignments and assessments are coordinated through e-mails and websites. Examinations and assessments are carried out on real-time basis where the learner submits and receives results when

Should Greece leave the European Union, or the Eurozone Essay

Should Greece leave the European Union, or the Eurozone - Essay Example In the 1930s, Adolf Hitler wanted to conquer the whole of Europe. In all these cases, the goal was to control and dominate Europe. For many centuries, wars were fought in Europe for religious and political reasons but with no positive results. After the World War II ended, it became clear that war and violence cannot create a unified Europe. By the end of the war in 1945, there was destruction depicted in all the European cities. Many people lost their homes and families. Production and trade were also crippled as factories were destroyed. Many bridges and railroads were also destroyed by bombings. Many Europeans who lost their homes and means of income were devastated as they became helpless and did not know how to rebuild their lives. It became apparent that the need was to adopt an entirely new kind of strategy and concept to recreate the nation, and guide the Europeans to bring their lives back on normal track. For this, it was required that the European people make a peaceful co mmunity by working together to rebuild their nation. The traditional concepts of capturing and controlling Europe because of rivalries had to be eliminated and had to be replaced by a â€Å"new spirit of cooperation.† This new philosophy of cooperation was remarkably followed in the post WWII era. The two instances were the Marshall Plan and the Berlin Airlift, and these were examples of how the allied nations helped the defeated nations of WWII. This was the beginning of a new phase in the history of Europe, and paved the way for a peaceful unification of Europe. During the WWII, smaller countries like Netherlands and Belgium entered into economical and trade agreements; the idea was that economical unification of smaller countries will make them competitive rivals of larger countries. This concept was already established in 1921 by the governments of Luxemburg and Belgium. In 1948, the Benelux Customs Union was formed which â€Å"enabled the free movement of goods, workers , services, and capital between the countries.† In 1952, six European countries began the phase of forming the European Union (EU). The Benelux treaty was signed in the year 1958 which formally provided free trade facilities to the Benelux countries (Introduction to the European Union, n.d., p.2). This paper focuses on Greece joining the EU in 1981, the economic crisis faced by the country and in the final part it has been discussed whether Greece should or should not continue to remain as an EU member country. Decision-making in the European Commission EU has a standard process of making decisions which is termed as joint decision. This means â€Å"the European Parliament has to approve EU legislation together with the Council based on a proposal from the Commission.† (Decision-making in the European Commission, n.d.) There are three major institutions which participate in decision making process of EU. The first one is the European Commission which looks after the int erests of EU and makes decisions that are in favour of the interests. It also has the responsibility to formulate proposals for any new laws to be established in Europe. It has the additional duty of ensuring that the EU policies are efficiently implemented and also manages the spending of EU funds. The second institution is the Council of the European Union where the ministers representing each EU country assemble to generate new laws and implement policies. It also approves the annual budget of EU and has signing authority on any agreements between and other countries. The third and final institution is the European Parliament which is a body of members elected by citizens of each EU country which it is a representative body of the countries’ common people. The European Parlia

Immune System and New York Essay Example for Free

Immune System and New York Essay HIV And Its Effects Elizabeth Grundy Psychology 102 Dr Peggy Peach October 10, 2001 HIV And Its Effects 2 HIV AND Its Effects The effects HIV has on a person, symptoms, risks, history and prevention will be explained. HIV is on a rise among sexually active people. According to Packer (1998), HIV, the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), is a member of a family of viruses. The first member HTLV-I and related to STLV-I researchers believe they both have a common ancestor in Africa. (P.13). This will be explained in the following questions: 1. What are the symptoms of HIV? 2. What are the risks to getting HIV? 3. What is the history of HIV? 4. What is the treatment for HIV? This research paper on HIV will be focused on these four questions. 1. What are the symptoms of HIV? According to Nash (1997), when a person infected with HIV has symptoms such as fever, night sweats, weight loss, fatigue, and lymphadenopathy (persistent, unexplained swelling of the lymph nodes), but no opportunistic infections (illnesses that healthy immune systems fight off) or Kaposis sarcoma, he is said to have AIDS-related complex (ARC). The acronym ARC is not used as frequently as it was in the early years of the epidemic. AIDS is now thought of in term of a HIV continuum. It begins with HIV-positive diagnosis in a person who is not experiencing any symptoms. It continues to a symptomatic stage in which the person has opportunistic infections, HIV and Its Effects 3 andKaposis sarcoma, or any of the conditions previously used to define Arc, and the HIV-positive continuum ends with full-blown AIDS diagnosis (p.22). 2. What are the risks to getting HIV? According to Nash (1997) No one is safe if his or her behavior is not safe. You do not get HIV because of a group you belong to; you get HIV from exposure to the virus. HIV can be contracted through unprotected sex with an infected person, by sharing needles when using drugs, or by tattooing or piercing body parts with a needle that has been used on an infected person. (P 24). According to Draimin (1995) the four common most ways HIV can get into the  body, Dirty needles used to inject drugs, unprotected sexual intercourse, mother to fetus or new-born baby, and blood transfusion. (P.11) HIV is transferable through any kind of sexual contact: heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual. The means of transferring the virus is unprotected sex. The safe guards against contracting HIV are to have sex only when you are ready, to know your partner, and to protect yourself from possible infection every time you have sex by using a condom. The HIV virus, like some other viruses cannot live outside the body. It is killed by air. HIV requires a warm, wet place to live and be carried only in blood, sexual fluids, and possibly saliva. Sexual transmission of HIV means that the virus goes from fluid to fluid (semen, vaginal, and blood). The virus has to pass from fluid to fluids to stay alive. (Pp25-26) 3. What is the History of HIV? HIV and Its Effects 4 Hyde and Forsyth (1 996) In 1981, when the first mysterious cases of an unusual type of pneumonia began to appear, scientists have accumulated a large body of knowledge about HIV. The first alarm sounded before aids even had a name, when doctors realized that some formerly rare diseases were becoming common among homosexual men in the United States. The first well-documented cases of what was later called AIDS were found in San Francisco and New York in 1981. A young gay man in San Francisco was found to be suffering from severe fungal infection to which he had little immune reaction. In fact, his immune system did not respond to any disease. Then he developed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), a type of pneumonia that is caused by a parasite. This disease is usually found only in severely malnourished individuals or people whos immune have been impaired by drugs such as those used in treatment of cancer. (p.56) According to Nash (1997) In 1982, three non-drug -injecting heterosexual men with hemophilia A developed AIDS and were reported to CDC. Hemophilia A, a blood -clotting defect, requires transfusions of blood-clotting factors derived from whole blood. (p.29) In June 1981 the first report of what AIDS, published by CDC described the new disease as a collection of characteristics symptoms among various population groups. It was a narrow definition, involving the presence of one or more opportunistic infections or cancers, and signs that general failure of immune system had occurred. (Nash, 1997) 4 What is the treatment for HIV HIV and Its Effects 5 According to Nash (1997) AIDS symptoms typically takes years to develop after the initial infection.  Scientists are researching what they call immunotherapy. Vaccines to prevent or stop a disease from taking hold; immunotherapy intervenes before symptoms arise and rids the body of infection. Management drugs have come out such as; Azidothymidine (AZT), this is the first of its kind. It interferes with HIV reproduction inside the cell; it slows the process of AIDS down. An HIV- positive person who takes AZT before AIDS symptoms appear lives longer than those who did not. Dideoxycytidine (ddC) and dideoxyinosine (ddI) offer another approach to combine therapy. Death rates are lowered when ddC and ddI were taken in combination of ddC and AZT or ddI and AZT then those patients who took AZT alone. Ampligen-, which did not help the patients when administered, alone-used in combination with AZT increase the effectiveness of both drugs. Epivir (3TC) became the first new initial therapy since AZT. The combination therapy of 3TC and AZT lowered the amount of HIV in patients and boosted their immune system. Invirase (protease inhibitor) is designed to cripple an enzyme vital in late stages of HIV reproduction, which is used in combination of other anti-HIV drugs. They reduce the levels of the virus in some people and increase the number of immune cells in some patients previously depleted by the virus. In 1996 Ritonavir, another protease inhibitor was also approved. HIV and its effects on those we know and love are about learning to manage the illness. People need to practice safe sex and to and to pay attention to safe behavior. HIV and treatment have come along way. Medical science has along time to go before a cure. HIV and Its Effects 6 References Packer, K. (1998). HIV Infection The Facts You Need To Know. New York: Venture. Draimin, B. (1ed)(1995). Working Together Against AIDS. New York: The Rosen Publishing group. Nash, C. (1997). AIDSs Choice for life. Springfield, NJ: Enslow. : Hyde, M., Forsyth, E. (1996). AIDS What Does It Mean To You? New York: Walker.

Doctors? Listening Skills Essay -- essays research papers fc

Doctors’ Listening Skills   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When people go to the doctor’s office they want the doctor to listen. Competency and a correct diagnosis are appreciated too, but more than anything, patients value doctors’ silence (Richards, 1407). In addition, patients want â€Å"more and better information about their problem and the outcome, more openness about the side effects of treatment, relief of pain and emotional distress, and advice on what they can do for themselves† (Meryn, 1922). Doctors’ technical role is in excellent health; it is their interpersonal role that is in intensive care. If doctors are to meet the needs of their patients they must first listen with an empathic ear and practice responsive communication. Sadly, most doctors have better handwriting than communication skills. â€Å"Effective listening – empathic listening – promotes growth in the listener, the one listened to, and the relationship between them† (Nichols, 1995).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Being listened to makes you feel good. The father of listening, Ralph G. Nichols said, â€Å"The most basic of all human needs is to understand and to be understood†¦. The best way to understand people is to listen to them.† Doctors’ can only treat physical ailments when they chose not to listen to patients’ needs. Listening is the doctors’ window to what is on the inside (Bently, 56).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Susan Urba used to take a pro-active approach with her cancer patients, doing all the talking, informing them about the disease. She learned her care was better received when she focused in on her patients’ needs and fears first. â€Å"Giving patients the chance to tell us what’s right for them can be hard,† said Urba, â€Å"but how else can we know what they truly need to feel better† (Urba, 167)?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Patients’ come to the doctor because they are suffering. So, to be treated effectively, the doctor must recognize and treat the suffering not with quick advice or a bottle of pills, but by taking the time to listen to what the patient is saying. Even though doctors can never truly experience another’s distress, they can do a better job at attending to their patients’ needs by simply listening. Because medicine has often replaced an ear to the suffering, â€Å"physicians may inadvertently cause suffering or fail to relieve it when relief is possible† (Cassell, 24). Empat... ...7. Cassell, Eric J. â€Å"Recognizing Suffering.† Hastings Center Report, p24 (8), May/June 1991. Girzaitis, L. â€Å"We Listen with our Hearts.† Listening, A Response Activity, MN: St Mary's Press. Gordon, Suzanne â€Å"What Nurses Know.† Mother Jones, 40 (7), Sept/Oct-1992. Kaukas, Dick â€Å"A Woman's Touch.† Courier-Journal, H1+, 1 May 1994. Krupet, E. â€Å"A Delicate Imbalance.† Psychology Today, p22 (5), November 1986. Meryn, Siegfried â€Å"Improving Doctor-Patient Communication: Not an Option, but a Necessity.† British Medical Journal, v316 n7149 p1922 (1), 27 June 1998. Nichols, R. â€Å"Listening: Questions and Problems.† Quarterly Journal of Speech, p3383 (4). Richards, T. â€Å"Chasms in Communication.† British Medical Journal, p301 1407 (2), 1990. Urba, Susan â€Å"Sometimes the Best Thing I do is Listening.† Medical Economics, v75 n9 p167 (4), 11 May 1998. Walker, Kandi L. â€Å"Do You Ever Listen?: Discovering the Theoretical Underpinnings of Empathic Listening.† Journal of the International Listening Association. Zimmerman, R. â€Å"Physicians' and Patients' Perceptions of Actual Versus Ideal Physicians' Communications and Listening Behaviors.† Journal of the International Listening Association, vol 4 p143 (22), 1990.

Leveraging Consumer Behaviour †Coca Cola Case Study Essay

The project aims to decipher how effectively Coca Cola Company has leveraged consumer behaviour in India. We have considered the challenges that India poses for the marketing of globally produced FMCGs (fast moving consumer goods) followed by observation of how the marketing of Coca Cola has been tailored for the Indian context and on its relative successes. Cultural Factors: Culture is the fundamental determinant of a person’s wants and behaviour (Philip Kotler). India has always been known for its cultural diversity. With a variety of cultures in India, Coca Cola faced a challenge in how to target across the cultural lines. Initially, they made the mistake of focusing on the American way of life but they realized their mistake quickly and started researching the Indian market in detail. They found that the 3A’s of availability, affordability and acceptability needed to be employed. Also, affordability was the biggest driver for desirability. Culture: Coca Cola discovered that the values of kinship and togetherness were universal across all cultures in India. So they decided to market coke as a drink for family get-togethers and parties. To achieve this, Coca Cola came up with a marketing campaign that showed Aishwarya Rai solving a feud between her parents with a Coke singing â€Å"Pyar me kabhi kabhi aisa ho jata hai, saath me thanda ho settle ho jata hai†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Recently, Coca Cola launched â€Å"Saath Khao Khushiyan Badhao† campaign which encouraged the younger teenage group to eat with the family. These advertisements showed Coca Cola as a symbol of bringing families together. Subcultures: Coca Cola leveraged the classic North Indian custom of asking guests â€Å"Thanda Ya Garam† by equating thanda as Coca Cola – â€Å"Thanda matlab Coca Cola†. Gradually, Coca Cola marketed itself across all the states and subcultures in India through a marketing campaign involving Aamir Khan. These ads showed Aamir Khan enjoying Coke in a series of regionally inspired characters ranging from a Mumbai bhai to a Punjabi farmer, a Hyderabadi shopkeeper, a Nepali Sherpa and a UP bhaiya. All these ads used the local dialect but such  that everyone could recognise it. The ads showed both a common man and a person from higher social class enjoying coke together. Thus Coke targeted all socio-economic classes. Coke targeted the rural market by introducing Rs5 bottle. They also introduced small lahris which gave a small glass of Coca Cola company beverages for just Rs 2. Coca Cola has extensively used cultural symbols such as festivals; for instance, their campaigns for Navratri in Gujarat and the campaigns on Independence Day. It has also tied up with restaurants serving regional cuisine with taglines such as ‘Masala Dosa tastes better with a Coke’(on a menu card of Sankalp Restaurant in Ahmedabad ). Coca Cola aimed its newspaper advertising campaign at rural India (which it called India B) through some very creative ads featuring the Desi Jugaad Concept. These ads created an additional appeal to the urban youth (India A) by the way of undermining the actual conventional advertising plan. Hence we see that Coca Cola has established itself as a brand in sync with the Indian cultural values and marketed it across all cadres of the Indian society. Social Factors: Social factors play an essential role in influencing the buying decisions of consumers. Some common influences are: Reference Groups Family Roles and Status Reference Groups Every individual has some people around him who directly or indirectly influence their attitudes and behaviour. Coca Cola has used this factor extensively to leverage its products, particularly with brands like ThumsUp and Sprite. Sprite was marketed as a soft drink for the modern urban youth who was quick-witted and street-smart. It focused on creating an aspirational group which young people would want to be associated with. Various campaigns were launched to achieve this: ‘Chalo Apni Chaal’: These advertisements mainly focused on the influence of aspirational groups on the self-concept, where in it was shown how someone aspires to be talented like others around him, but isn’t. However, after sipping coke, he decides to play by his own rules instead of competing with others, and thereby emerges as the real winner. University of Freshology: This campaign focused on applying fresh techniques to get out of everyday tricky situations that one  may find himself in. It used the image of a serious, bespectacled man – the Freshology Professor – giving lessons to people who find themselves in tricky situations. These advertisements used the concept of aspirational groups, as each person aims to slip out of such situations with ease, just as the ‘Freshology Professor’ preaches. ThumsUp used its ‘Aaj Kuch Toofani Karte Hai’ campaign, to portray a brand image of being different. With its advertisements and tagline, it aimed to urge people to think differently and do things differently – for e.g., in 1 TVC, Salman Khan hires a helicopter in order to pick up the Thums Up truck out of traffic, so that the stock at a shop can be replenished. This focused on attempting to alter the attitudes of consumers and bring about changed, fresh thinking, thereby positioni ng itself as a brand that is vastly different from others. Thums Up is geared towards a particular group of people who seek adventure and want to try something thrilling and exhilarating. This is also reflected in its strong taste. By using conventionally ‘macho’ celebrities like Salman Khan and Akshay Kumar, it means to portray an image of self-confidence and achievement-orientation, which consumers can aspire to become. Coca-Cola TVCs focus more on membership groups, particularly primary groups. For example, the idea of friendship is used in the Hrithik Roshan and Aiswarya Rai ‘Best Friends’ advertisement, professing how best friends are always together despite personal differences as they ‘always share a coke’. Another example is a TVC of school-going kids enjoying Coke together after an intense competition of eating spicy food. It portrays Coke as the medium which brings friends together and creates an atmosphere of camaraderie and friendship. Family Family plays an important role in influencing the buying decisions of individuals. Coca- came up with various strategies to leverage this aspect in influencing consumer behaviour The ‘Share-a-Coke’ campaign used the concept of gifting on special occasions, wherein it gives people the chance to order personalized Coke bottles through a Facebook app. It was tremendously successful and brought about a 7% increase in sales due to this campaign alone. ‘Recipe for great meals’: Under this campaign, Coca-Cola published various recipes and how-to videos for various occasions, be it a picnic, a family feast or a pizza night with friends. It positioned itself  as being an integral part of a great meal, along with family and good food. Along the lines of ‘Recipe for great meals’ is the ‘Saath Khao Khushiyan Badhao’ campaign, which aims to demonstrate family bonding over meals, and positions a Coke bottle as one of the many elements that show and enhance this bonding. The MinuteMaid TVC, which focuses on a mother and child, attempts to influence the woman in the family, understanding that in such a situation, it is the woman who makes the buying decision. Roles and Status Each individual plays a dual role in the society depending on the group he belongs to and each rule in turn connotes to a status, which differentiates the buying needs and tendency of individuals. The products under the Coca-Cola umbrella cater to different segments based on their role in society. For example, Maaza was mainly targeted towards kids, Sprite towards the college-going youth, Thums Up towards the young-adult adventure-seeking male, Minute Maid towards the mother, etc. However, it is also true that apart from the primary demographic, there is a large tertiary demographic for each of these products. For example, consumption of Sprite is not restricted to just the youth. The product of coke comes in different packages and sizes – for example, higher social classes demand for canned coke while the lower classes demand for bottled coca cola. Personal Factors: Age and Stage in the life cycle: Coco Cola has always tried to cater and portray itself to all the age groups. There have been campaigns like ‘Saath Khao Khushiyaan Badhao’ which showed families having dinner together. But there have been certain campaigns targeted towards youth in particular. For example Coco Cola released an ad called ‘Spicy Happiness’ which featured school and college students, thereby targeting the age segment of 15-25 years. In another example, Coco Cola also came up with an ad in which they used the backdrop of a library and showed two students. Coco Cola has used the Indian family concept in a lot of its campaigns. To counter the negative complaints post 2009, Coca Cola adopted the â€Å"Global happiness† campaign. It experimented with different kinds of images for the year. It was projected as a beverage enjoyed by the entire family together through ad campaigns like â€Å"Saath Khao Khushiyaan Badao†. Also after the pesticide incident Coco Cola used Aamir Khan to re-image the brand and in one of the commercials, his character was a Bengali man who comes with his family to a restaurant. Occupation and economic circumstances: ‘Bewajah khushiyaan lutao’ campaign in which the actors from the movie ‘Student of the year’ were shown sharing a coke with people from different economic backgrounds like a waiter, lady on rickshaw and a shoe store helper. This was to create an image that coke is for everyone. Also the campaign ‘Thanda matlab Coco Cola’ showed Aamir Khan play variety of roles ranging from Mumbai Bhai to a Nepali Sherpa. This was also targeted to reinforce coke for everyone image. Personality and Self Concept: Coco Cola has tried to create a happy and fun image. All its marketing campaigns have been directed towards it. ‘Open happiness’ campaign is one of the major ad campaigns by Coke. It is complemented by the jingle ‘Haan haan main crazy hoon’ which features people enjoying, helping and going out of their way to bring smile to strangers. Coca Cola India campaign â€Å"Umeedon Wali Dhoop, Sachchai Wali Asha† TVC launched in the year 2012, sells hope for a better tomorrow. This clearly gives a message of optimism and growth and shows that any and every dream is achievable. Similarly the brand also roped in Sachin Tendulkar, as a â€Å"happiness brand ambassador† to support various CSR initiatives the brand is undertaking. Coca Cola India projects itself as a brand which wants to grow along with the society. In its endeavour, the company has undertaken a variety of community development projects in rural as well as urban areas. Coca Cola India’s Parvartan Program trains local Kirana store owners in good business practices. Similarly in another initiative, Coca cola has distributed Solar water cooler â€Å"ekocool† to female retailers in Interior regions of Uttar Pradesh. Psychological Factors: Perception: All the product ranges available in the Coca-Cola umbrella have a different brand image which is actively developed to cater to a wider demographic. Some products like Coke and Thums Up, for example are very similar but have a widely different perception in the consumers’ minds due to different  marketing strategies. While Coke is associated with happiness and togetherness, Thumbs Up is perceived to be more edgy and gritty and meant for adventurous people. In regards to a specific product, Coke has tried to ingratiate itself with the Indian consumer in order to increase its brand equity. For example, it has launched marketing campaigns for Indian festivals like Diwali so as to encompass the feeling of that festival, which resonate with Indian culture. By associating itself with the Indian culture, it creates a positive impression on the consumers and they remember the core ideas of the campaign, if not the entirety of it. So, selective retention works in this case to carry forward the message of the company. Emotions: The open happiness campaign has strong ties with emotions as people tend to connect more to a brand when they have a reason to feel a sense of elation and joy. HAPPINESS TRUCK: This campaign shows a truck which goes from one part of the country to another and distributes free coke and other gifts like teddy bears, sunglasses, etc. to the general public. This creates a sense of contentment and happiness in the minds of the viewer and creates an emotional tie with them. It also shows a sense of inclusivity as the entire community is seen to enjoy the experience. SMALL WORLD MACHINES: This campaign is a brilliant cross-cultural marketing strategy which surpasses national borders. It has identifies an emotion which can connect both regions and capitalized on that to promote the brand. The advertisement involves people from both nations communication through a ‘happiness machine’ which then distributes bottles of coke as rewards. By associating itself with a joyful experience, it not only promotes its brand, but also created a favourable perception of itself in the minds of the consumer. CRAZY CAMPAIGN: This campaign ties both with memory as well as emotions as it illustrates people connecting with other people through the product. It celebrates impulsiveness and happiness and also has a catchy jingle which would be remembered by viewers long after watching the TVC. Thus it plays on both emotions as well as the memory of the viewers. Learning: Classical Learning Theory: This concept is clearly seen in the ‘Thanda Matlab Coca Cola’ TVC where initially, an unconditioned stimulus (thirst) produces an unconditioned response (need for a cold drink). The TVC links the thirst to the specific thirst for Coca-Cola (which is a conditioned response) by linking the word ‘Thanda’ to Coca-Cola (Conditioned Stimulus). Operant Learning: The idea of positive reinforcement is used in the concept of the Happiness Machines, Happiness Trucks and several variations of the same. The device rewards the customer with additional gifts like toys, flowers, cupcakes, etc when they get a bottle of Coke from the device. This works as an incentive to buy the product again in the future. Memory: All the above mentioned factors like attitudes, perceptions, motivations, etc. play a role in creating top-of-the-mind recall for the company. Minimalistic Advertising: Coke has published several ads which are minimalistic in nature and are thus easily imprinted in the consumers’ minds. An example is the coke hands advertisement which is simple and elegant and stays with the viewer a long time afterwards. Apart from this, in order to translate interest into revenue, the method of spreading activation is used, where one event is used to trigger a favourable action. In this regard, products in stores are tied up with festivals and occasions and tied up in a way so as to immediately capture the attention of the potential buyer. Also, catchy tunes and jingles are associated with the TVCs to ensure top-of –the-mind-recall. Another important factor which ties in with memory correlation is subliminal messaging. An important example is product placement in movies like Dhoom 2, Rang De Basanti, etc. In these movies, the brand is displayed usually as a background event which is not really pertinent to the plot of the movie, but leaves a lasting impression on the minds of the viewers. There are two ways to measure the impact of such a campaign: through explicit and implicit memory retention and how it ties up with economic benefit of the product. Although retention is an important part of brand promotion, memory retrieval is the most important concept, as the consumer has to actually buy the product in retail outlets and other stores in order to translate all the marketing strategies into concrete gains. In this regard, products in stores are tied up with festivals and occasions and tied up in a way so as to immediately capture the attention of the potential buyer. Conclusion: We see that Coca Cola Company has leveraged consumer behaviour in all ways possible and has established itself as synonymous with happiness and fun.

Textiles Del Hogar

DEFINICION DEL PROBLEMA: Resolver si es mas conveniente continuar con el negocio o liquidar. Si mi decision es liquidar la empresa debo definir cuando y como hacerlo. CARACTERISTICAS PRINCIPALES DE TEXTILES DEL HOGAR S. L. : Antecedentes A mediados del 2002 tras el gerente Oriol Ventura presentar los demas accionistas llamaron a RamonQuesada para que les asesorara. La entrada de los Quesada en Textiles del Hogar se dio el 6 de Febrero del 2003 tras 24 horas de reuniones con los accionistas por un contrato de gestion, una opcion de compra por parte o el total a ejecutar en 6 meses segun resultado de una due diligences y refinanciacion de la empresa. La sociedad Altafix. SL (creada por los Quesada) adquirio en acciones y refinancio el prestamo o aval lo preciso para que textiles del Hogar mantuviera en operaciones. _Objetivos _Estrategicos Los objetivos de los Quesada en Textiles del Hogar era aumentar la facturacion, generar fondos para poner la empresa al dia y generar dividendos para los accionistas. Producto Buena imagen en las tiendas de barrio y un producto con buena calidad/precio en comparacion con la competencia nacional y extranjera. Ventas Estacionales y con tendencia a la baja. El mercado acusa las importaciones asiaticas y se reduce el mercado para los fabricantes nacionales. Proceso de fabricacion e instalaciones Muy poca productividad debido a maquinaria muy obsoleta. La produccion se fabricaba en forma continua. Se fabricaba para stock en tejidos crudos para cumplir plazo de entrega mas cortos. Los pedidos de clientes de pocas unidades se producian sobre pedido Personal Ambiente laboral inicial muy deteriorado con 24 perronas (11 h + 13 m) con una edad media de 48 anos y una antiguedad de 20. 6 Cosedoras que no constaban en nomina y no habian sido dado de alta en la Seguridad Social. Entre el 2003 y 2005 la situacion se habia mejorado notablemente con el ingreso de los Quesada. Canales: Cartera de pedidos: Los pedidos oscilaban entre 1 y 4 semanas. Con mucha Incertidumbre. A pesar de apretados plazos, solo entre 5 y 10% se retrasaban en la entrega y casi unca mas alla de 5 a 10 dias. Proveedores: Principalmente fabricantes de hilo o de tejidos no fabricados por Textiles del Hogar. Subcontratistas solian ser acabadores. CRITERIOS PARA LA TOMA DE DECISION _Matriz de _decision _ _ Dividendos a Accionista Los socios llevan mucho tiempo sin cobrar ni un solo Euro y con las ventas cayendo a un 4 % constante en los siguientes anos siendo optimista el resultado del ejercicio es pos itivo sin embargo se va disminuyendo con el paso del tiempo lo que refleja poca viabilidad a largo plazo bajo las condiciones actuales. El ingreso para los accionistas en caso de liquidar seria solo por la venta de las existencias, las cuales son no perecibles y se pueden vender rapidamente aplicando un descuento, y las cuentas por cobrar (cartera 100% recuperable) ya que por las maquinas no obtuvieran ningun valor representativo. *Caida de facturacion del 4 % constante Gastos fijos aumentan a 180 para cubrir los 9 mil de los Quesada *(GESL tiene pendiente de recibir 5. 000â‚ ¬ durante 30 meses (150. 000â‚ ¬). Inversion en Tecnologia. Debido a que en Textiles la maquinaria era de cuarenta anos de antiguedad y los rendimientos muy bajos invertir en maquinaria permitiria mejorar los costos de fabricacion que permitan seguir los niveles de ventas. A esto lo debemos agregar la compra de un ERP (para mejor control administrativo) mas una normativa municipal esta inversion no seria menos 200. 000 euros. Entorno Economico* (Mercado y Ventas)*. Los mercados emergentes (especialmente China) son una amenaza constante para la sostenibilidad. Las ventas se vienen reduciendo en promedio 4 % anual peros esto puede aumentar por el factor mencionado haciendose mas dificil cada ano cumplir el presupuesto. Otro factor del mercado es que se compite via precio y no por disenos u otro factor diferenciador. La salida del mercado textil puede representar el ingreso al sector inmobiliario que segun uno de los accionistas , Adria Guasch, quien es propietario de las naves tiene un gran potencial. Indemnizaciones a Empleados Los costes de jubilacion se ven reducidos por la nueva legislacion en el sector textil lo ue facilita la liquidacion de esta. Este factor debe ser tomado en cuenta en para el â€Å"cuando† cerrar ya que el importe de 300000 euros es bastante significativo para la compania Responsabilidad social De acuerdo con el analisis de los criterios realizado en el punto anterior y ya que los dividendos y responsabilidad social son los criterios con mas peso se llega a la conclusion que los Hermanos Quesada deberian de c ontinuar con el negocio de Textiles del Hogar pero definiendo un plazo de espera para que repunte el negocio segun el plan de accion. Segun proyecciones de ventas y estado de resultado este punto debe ser el ano 2007 ya que la utilidad del negocio disminuye despues de este ano. PLAN DE ACCION Al tomar la decision de continuar con el negocio se debe de hacer cambios en los criterios expuestos para tener estabilidad y sostenibilidad a corto y largo plazo. Se debe empezar por potenciar el mercado que permita disminuir las comisiones de 5 al 8 % y asi aumentar el margen. Una alternativa puede ser consolidar una fuerza de venta propia. De manera paralela debemos buscar la manera de salir del mercado de commodity (via precio) a un mercado donde la calidad sea el diferenciador. Tambien se debe buscar capital para inversion en maquina ya que estas estan muy obsoletas y asi ser mas competitivos en tiempos y reducir costos de produccion. La otra inversion que se necesita es la de la normativa municipal y el ERP que conjuntamente ascienden a 200000 Euros. Reducir la estacionalidad en ventas es un punto igualmente importante. Una solucion seria buscar productos alternativos para los periodos en que las ventas caen. Si bien es cierto que la jubilacion sin costo por la nueva ley jubilacion del personal puedes ayudar ya que se puede contratar mano de obra mas joven y barata, considero que debe ser una ultima medida ya que la responsabilidad social para los Quesada es un criterio muy importante como se habia mencionado anteriormente.

Example Persuasive Speech Essays - Unidentified Flying Objects

Example Persuasive Speech Essays - Unidentified Flying Objects Example Persuasive Speech Example Persuasive Speech UFOs are real!! Attention Grabber: Regardless of your personal beliefs on the likelihood of extraterrestrial life, UFOs, Unidentified Flying Objects, are just that: unidentified and flying, not necessarily extraterrestrial. In life, the better informed we are about our surroundings, the better our overall decision making process is. Credibility Statement: I have read a number of books on UFOs and have even seen one myself. General Purpose: I am here to help you understand that UFOs are realthere are flying objects that cannot be identified. Preview Statement: First I will give you the ancient accounts of UFOs; secondly, I will explain the most documented UFO sightings, and lastly, I will tell you about the more recent government reports about UFOs. I. Ancient accounts of UFOs A. Christian Bible B. Accounts considered as signs (source: Jacques Vallees Passport to Mangonia) C. Aerial Ships 1. Ezekiels Wheel 2. Unearthly glowing objects in the night sky 1. Almost beheaded priest 1. Naval accountsship Sibernian and ship Vultur Transition: This completes our information on ancient accounts of UFOs; now we can move on to the most documented UFO sightings in the past century. II. Most Documented UFO Sightings in the Past Century A. Military UFO Sightings (source: Robert E. Bartholomew and George S. Howard, UFOs and Alien Contact) 1. World War Iphantom air raids and mysterious aero-planes 2. World War IIFoo fighters B. Citizen UFO Sightings (source: David Michael Jacobs, The UFO Controversy in America) C. Personal UFO Sightings (source: Frank B. Salisbury, The UFO Display) 1. Crop Circles 2. Snow Circles 3. Land Circles 1. Betty and Barney Hill 2. French Doctor Transition: This concludes the information of UFO sightings in the past century; lets move on to the most recent government reports about UFOs III. Resent Government Reports A. UFO Report Similarities (source: Frank Edwards, Flying Saucers, Serious Business) 1. Shapesaucer 2. Behaviorhovering 3. Colorreduce in brightness as reduce in speed B. Governments position on explaining UFOs (source: Frank B. Salisbury, The UFO Display) 1. Only by the Air Force 2. Always as conventional objects and conditions C. Government Releases about UFOs (source: David Michael Jacobs, The UFO Controversy in America) 1. UFOs are a threat to national security 2. What Air Force Academy Cadets are taught Statement of three main points: Now you know about the ancient accounts of UFOs, the most documented UFO sightings in the past century, and the most recent Government reports about UFOs. Conclusion: The next time you are driving along and see something thats not quite a plane, and not quite a star, take a second look; it might be a weather balloon.

Assignment Coursera Essay Example for Free

Assignment Coursera Essay Score Explanation 6. 34 Correct 5. 00 Correct. This is where a spreadsheet comes in handy. Total 5. 00 / 5. 00 Question Explanation This is a simple IRR calculation. Drawing a time line helps. Question 3 (5 points) Austin needs to purchase a new heating/cooling system for his home. He is thinking about having a geothermal system installed, but he wants to know how long it will take to recoup the additional cost of the system. The geothermal system will cost $20,000. A conventional system will cost $7,000. Austin is eligible for a 30% tax credit to be applied immediately to the purchase. He estimates that he will save 1 ,500 per year in utility bills with the geothermal system. These cash outflows can be assumed to occur at the end of the year. The cost of capital (or interest rate) for Austin is 7%. How long will Austin have to use the system to Justify the additional expense over the conventional model? ( i. e, What is the DISCOUNTED payback period in years? Discount future cash flows before calculating payback and round to a whole year. ) Answer for Question 3 Your Answer Score 6 Correct. You discounted before calculating payback, but it still is a very myopic measure. Total Simple payback calculation, but with discounting. Question 4 (10 points) In high school Jeff often made money in the summer by mowing lawns in the neighborhood. He Just finished his freshman year of college and, after taking a Business 101 class, he has some ideas about how to scale up his lawn mowing operation. Previously, he had used his father’s push mower, but he is thinking about getting a r101ng mower tnat wlll save tlme ana allow nvm to 00 more lawns. He Touna a used, zero turn, riding mower on Craigslist for $1,200. He will also need a trailer to pull the mower behind his pickup; that will cost him an additional $600. With the new ower he can take on an additional 20 lawns per week at an average cash inflow of $20 per lawn he will receive at the end of each week. He has 14 weeks of summer in which to mow lawns. (For convenience, assume that the mower and trailer will have no value after Jeff is done with his work this summer. ) The discount rate for Jeff is 10% (Keep in mind this is an annual rate). What is the Net Present Value of the mower/trailer project? Your Answer -1147 3117 4320 3720 10. 00 Correct. You know how to set up and calculate wv’, at a weekly interval. Total 10. 00 / 10. 00 A fairly common NPV problem, with weekly compounding. Question 5 (10 points) Yassein is looking to refinance his home because rates have gone down from when he bought his house 10 years ago. He started with a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage of $288,000 at an annual rate of 6. 5%. He can now get a 20-year fixed-rate mortgage at an annual rate of 5. 5% on the remaining balance of his initial mortgage. (All loans require monthly payments. ) In order to re-flnance, Yassein will need to pay closing costs of $3,500. These costs are out of pocket and cannot be rolled into the new mortgage. How much will refinancing save Yassein? (i. e. What is the NPV of the refinancing decision? Your Answer 16467 17517 16975 Correct. This is a very common situation we all face all the time. 15463 A problem we saw last week, but I expect you to do this routinely now. It is a value generating opportunity through financing only because interest rates changed. Question 6 (10 points) Chandra has the opportunity to buy a vacant lot next to several commercial properties for $50,000. She plans to buy the property and spend another $60,000 immediately to put in a parking lot. She has talked to the local businesses and has some contracts lined up to fill the parking spaces. The profits from the ontracts will provide $25,000 per year and the contracts will last 10 years. What is the NPV of Chandra’s plan if the appropriate discount/interest rate is 10%? (Enter Just the number without the $ sign or a comma; round off decimals. ) Answer for Question 43614 Correct. You know how to calculate NPV. Questlon Explanatlon A standard NPV problem. Question 7 (10 points) This question introduces you to the concept of an annuity with growth. The formula is given on p. 3, equation (7), of the Note on Formulae, but I would encourage you to try doing it in Excel as well. (If the first cash flow is C, the next one ill be C(l+g), and so on, where g is the growth rate in cash flow). As an example, the present value of an annuity that starts one year from now at $100, and grows at 5%, with the last cash flow in year 10, when the discount rate is 7%, is $860. Confirm this before attempting the problem using both the formula and excel. What is the NPV of of a new manufacturing project that costs $100,000 today, but has a cash flow of $15,000 in year 1 that grows at 4% per year till year 12? Similar investments earn 7. 5% per year. (Enter Just the number without the $ sign or a comma; round off decimals. ) Answer for Question 7 0486 Correct. Hope you used both methods. This is a set up and calculation problem, nothing new conceptually. Question 8 (1 5 points) Diane has Just 18 and also completed high school and is wondering about the value of a college education. She is pretty good with numbers, and driven by financial considerations only, so she sits down to calculate whether it is worth the large sum of money. She knows that her first year tuition will be $12,000, due at the beginning of the year (that is, right away). Based on historical trends she estimates that tuition will rise at 6% per year for the 4 years she is in school. She also estimates that her living expense above and beyond tuition will be $8,000 per year (assume this occurs at the end of the year) for the first year and will increase $500 each year thereafter to keep up with inflation. Assignment Coursera. (2018, Oct 29).

Information Needs by Position, Function and Role Essay

Information Needs by Position, Function and Role - Essay Example Certainly, having an appropriate organizational model in place is a precondition for long stint success (Pugh, 1990). This is because of its ability to identify and address the innumerable business and human realities of the corporation in question. An organization is a three layer system where at the bottom the organization’s material flows (activities of the first kind). Decision makers, managers of the organization are at the top. The middle layer receives information from the bottom, processes it and presents it to the decision makers. Decisions made in the top layer influence the bottom layer activities. For organization mangers to make qualitative decisions, they need to receive qualitative information on time (Pugh, 1990). This will result in the delivery of decisions to the bottom layer on time. Qualitative realization is attained if these information flow procedures are ensured by the middle layer. The two fundamental requirements of an organizational structure includ e division of labor into distinct tasks and coordination of that labor. This is such that the workers are able to accomplish the company’s goals. ... It may choose to cluster these utilities together under the department of marketing. Bigger establishments may organize so much of these undertakings that they isolate sales into a department different than the other functions (Pugh, 1990). Hence, qualitative information is required on the customer’s needs as well as the company’s performance in the market. The company should have information on how to establish market niche. The other information needed is the need for competitor intelligence. The company should be equipped with strategies to beat the competitor. Roles Once a corporation has proven how functions are convened, then functions must be allocated to the people who have the capability to perform them. Many establishments make roles to execute these functions. Companies should have information on ranks with job explanations that will assist employees to know the range, function and parameters of their roles. This will create a system of accountability and rel iability between all the people working in an organization (Pugh, 1990). In corporations big enough to have several people in a branch, roles aid in making sure that each person is taking care of central functions without replication or desertion of tasks. For instance, in a finance division, they might have a controller, accounts payroll person and an accounts collections person. All these people form part of a crew with an inclusive job to manage the firm's cash flows. However, every one of them has a set of duties that boost efficiency and ensure the assiduousness of the team. Information needs associated with organizational roles include information on training programs and motivation strategies for the employees. There is a need for